�Fresh african tea (Catha edulis) leaves have been chewed for centuries in
eastern Africa and in the Arabian Peninsula in parliamentary procedure to touch a state
of euphoria and foreplay. This is due to its main active
component, cathinone, which increases the release of catecholamines
in the brainiac, evoking an "ampthetamine-like" impression. In these
countries, qat has been traditionally exploited as a social do drugs.
However, new patterns of khat consumption are now emerging in these
countries, and the development of air expatriation has contributed
to the spread of this riding habit to the rest of the domain. Khat ontogeny,
distribution and use ar therefore seemly an international issue,
as shown by the significant press interest group in this substance.
Interestingly, fresh khat leaves prepared as an infusion in some
African countries are considered a traditional remedy for airway
diseases, but until now the precise mechanism of action underlying
this effect was unknown.
In this study, Maria Belvisi (National Heart and Lung Institute,
Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK) and her colleagues
highlight an repressing action of this natural product on cholinergic
contractile responses of guinea pig and human airway smooth muscle,
and reveal its mechanism of action, thereby uncovering novel
therapeutic options for the treatment of airway diseases.
This survey is the first to address how khat, when used as a
traditional remedy, crapper alleviate respiratory disease symptoms. It
shows that cathinone targets both post-ganglionic, pre-junctional a2
adrenergic and 5-HT7 receptors to inhibit the release of
acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerves innervating the airways,
thereby modulating the neural control of airline business constrictor tone.
In telling this dual mechanism of action for cathinone, this study
may provide key information for the development of new treatment
options for airway diseases displaying heightened cholinergic tone,
such as bronchial asthma associated with gastro-oesophageal reflux, nocturnal
bronchial asthma or continuing obstructive pulmonic disease (COPD).
Indeed, in COPD in particular, increased parasympathetic drive is
responsible for increased bronchial smooth muscle tone and overweening
mucus production. Muscarinic antagonists (also known as anti
cholinergics, e.g. ipratropium and tiotropium) are peculiarly
effective as bronchodilators in the discussion of COPD where the vagal
tone appears to be the only reversible component of airflow limitation.
In this respect, the exploitation of new anti-cholinergic molecules
based on a mechanism of action other than antagonising muscarinic
receptors whitethorn be of particular interest in the treatment of airway
diseases with heightened cholinergic pure tone.
Therefore, cathinone, with its original double pre-junctional chemical mechanism
of action, may lead to the development of novel sanative
approaches for the treatment of such diseases.
Title Of The Original Article
Modulation of cholinergic contractions of airway politic muscle by
cathinone: potential beneficial personal effects in air duct diseases
The European Respiratory Journal is the peer-reviewed scientific publication of the European Respiratory Society (more than 8,000 specialists in lung diseases and respiratory medicine in Europe, the
United States and Australia).
European Respiratory Journal
The European Respiratory Society (ERS)
More info
Tuesday, 2 September 2008
Saturday, 23 August 2008
Mp3 music: Disney
 Artist: Disney: mp3 download Genre(s): Easy Listening Other Disney's discography:  Disney Bossa Nova Year: 2005 Tracks: 14  The Disney Treasures Year: 2003 Tracks: 12 Already i of the most popular fellowship and children's gesture picture companies, Disney entered the music industry in 1949 with the formation of the Walt Disney Music Company, which published the music from the studio's films, starting time with the following year's Cinderella. In the '50s, Disney similarly developed their own music labels, including Disneyland Records, which offered Disney soundtracks, stories and songs from The Mickey Mouse Club, and Buena Vista, which released songs by Disney stars such as Fess Parker, Annette Funicello and Darlene Gillespie, as well as singles from the studio's films. In 1989, Disney consolidated the versatile imprints into one label, Walt Disney Records, which reissued definitive soundtracks and released read-a-long and singalong collections, compilations of quondam and tonic Disney songs and soundtracks to new Disney films, many of which were multi-platinum successes such as The Lion King, Mantrap & The Beast, Aladdin and The Little Mermaid. |
Bill Charlap | Download mp3
Wednesday, 6 August 2008
Marc Ferrari
Artist: Marc Ferrari
Genre(s):
Other
Discography:
Guest List
Year: 1995
Tracks: 10
GSK - Changes To Medicines Distribution Arrangements, UK
Friday, 27 June 2008
Kanye West, UGK top list of BET winners
Kanye West [ tickets ] and hip-hop group UGK [ tickets ] took home the most trophies at last night's (6/24) BET Awards [ tickets ] '08 ceremony in Los Angeles.West scored for Best Male Hip-Hop Artist, and also grabbed a win in the Best Collaboration category with T-Pain [ tickets ] for their work together on West's song "Good Life," which appeared on his most recent studio set, last year's "Graduation."UGK--also known as Underground Kingz--took home the prize for Best Group and also won in the Video of the Year category for "International Player's Anthem (I Choose You)," which featured a guest contribution from Outkast.Alicia Keys [ tickets ] scored a win for Best Female R&B Artist, while Chris Brown [ tickets ] captured the male category. Missy Elliot was the flip side for West, winning Best Female Hip-Hop Artist.A complete list of winners is included below.The ceremonies, broadcast live from the Los Angeles Shrine Auditorium, were hosted by comedian D.L. Hughley and featured a wide variety of live performers, including Usher, Ne-Yo and Alicia Keys.Encore telecasts of the awards show are scheduled for various times over the BET Network throughout the next month. Check BET's website for more information.List of BET Awards '08 winnersBest Female R&B ArtistAlicia KeysBest Male R&B ArtistChris BrownBest GroupUGKBest Gospel ArtistMarvin SappBest Female Hip-Hop ArtistMissy ElliottBest Male Hip-Hop ArtistKanye WestBest New ArtistThe DreamBest CollaborationKanye West f/ T-Pain "Good Life"Best Video DirectorErykah Badu and Mr. RobotoVideo of the YearUGK f/ Outkast "International Player's Anthem (I Choose You)"Best ActorDenzel WashingtonBest ActressHalle BerryMale Athlete of the YearKobe BryantFemale Athlete of the YearCandace ParkerBET J AwardRaheem DeVaughnViewers' Choice AwardLil Wayne f/ Static "Lollipop"
Thursday, 19 June 2008
R. Kelly trial: Testimony phase draws to close
Testimony officially ended in the R. Kelly trial this afternoon as the judge ordered jurors to report back Thursday for closing arguments.
The jury was dismissed without any mention of a faulty stipulation regarding the accuracy of a DVD shown in court.
The prosecution learned Monday night that images from the sex tape at the center of the child pornography trial were compressed and lost significant detail when they were transferred to the DVD, Assistant State's Atty. Shauna Boliker said. The prosecutors blamed the error on "dumb lawyers" who simply wanted the DVD to more easily show shortened clips from the original video. The state swore to its veracity in a stipulation, a statement read to jurors in which both sides of the case agree on an item.
The situation was further complicated by the fact that the defense already presented testimony based on the supposed accuracy of both the DVD and the stipulation.
Cook County Judge Vincent Gaughan called the stipulation "a rotten tomato in the barrel" and took an hourlong recess to consider the matter. After reviewing the transcripts, the judge said it was clear the defense had access to an uncompressed, unaltered copy of tape, in addition to the disc.
Gaughan asked the prosecution and defense to work together to resolve the matter. The two sides huddled for nearly an hour before returning to court and telling the judge they intended to put their agreement in writing.
Details of the resolution were not announced in open court.
Stacy St. Clair
June 10, 2008 3:49 PM: Quality of copied tape now at issue
A problem surfaced in the R. Kelly trial Tuesday as prosecutors acknowledged they erred by telling the jury that a DVD used during testimony was an exact copy of the sex tape at the heart of the case.
The prosecution learned Monday night that images from the tape were compressed and lost significant detail when they were transferred to the DVD, Assistant State's Atty. Shauna Boliker said.
The prosecutors blamed the error on "dumb lawyers" who simply wanted the DVD to more easily show shortened clips from the original video. The state swore to its veracity in a stipulation, a statement read to jurors in which both sides of the case agree on an item.
The stipulation also misrepresented who made the copy of the tape. It said a prosecution expert witness created it, when it was actually done by an employee of the state's attorney's office.
The controversy is further complicated because the defense already presented testimony based on the supposed accuracy of both the DVD and the stipulation
Cook County Judge Vincent Gaughan called an hourlong recess to consider the issue.
"The stipulation is not true," the judge said. "This is the rotten tomato in the barrel."
After the stipulation had been read earlier in the trial, the defense used the DVD to show jurors that a mark on the male participant's back appears and disappears during the quarter-second that the camera catches his bare back. The defense has told the jury that Kelly cannot be the man on the tape because the R&B superstar has had a dark, caterpillar-shaped mole along his spine since childhood.
Rather than tell the jury the stipulation was incorrect, prosecutors Tuesday called a forensic video expert who ridiculed a defense expert for relying on the DVD.
Kelly's defense team cried foul, telling the judge that the prosecution made the error--and then called a witness to make the defense look foolish and dishonest in front of the jury.
"The stipulation is wrong," lead defense attorney Ed Genson said. "We put a man on based on that and they put [another expert] up there to rebut him and that's not right."
Stacy St. Clair
The jury was dismissed without any mention of a faulty stipulation regarding the accuracy of a DVD shown in court.
The prosecution learned Monday night that images from the sex tape at the center of the child pornography trial were compressed and lost significant detail when they were transferred to the DVD, Assistant State's Atty. Shauna Boliker said. The prosecutors blamed the error on "dumb lawyers" who simply wanted the DVD to more easily show shortened clips from the original video. The state swore to its veracity in a stipulation, a statement read to jurors in which both sides of the case agree on an item.
The situation was further complicated by the fact that the defense already presented testimony based on the supposed accuracy of both the DVD and the stipulation.
Cook County Judge Vincent Gaughan called the stipulation "a rotten tomato in the barrel" and took an hourlong recess to consider the matter. After reviewing the transcripts, the judge said it was clear the defense had access to an uncompressed, unaltered copy of tape, in addition to the disc.
Gaughan asked the prosecution and defense to work together to resolve the matter. The two sides huddled for nearly an hour before returning to court and telling the judge they intended to put their agreement in writing.
Details of the resolution were not announced in open court.
Stacy St. Clair
June 10, 2008 3:49 PM: Quality of copied tape now at issue
A problem surfaced in the R. Kelly trial Tuesday as prosecutors acknowledged they erred by telling the jury that a DVD used during testimony was an exact copy of the sex tape at the heart of the case.
The prosecution learned Monday night that images from the tape were compressed and lost significant detail when they were transferred to the DVD, Assistant State's Atty. Shauna Boliker said.
The prosecutors blamed the error on "dumb lawyers" who simply wanted the DVD to more easily show shortened clips from the original video. The state swore to its veracity in a stipulation, a statement read to jurors in which both sides of the case agree on an item.
The stipulation also misrepresented who made the copy of the tape. It said a prosecution expert witness created it, when it was actually done by an employee of the state's attorney's office.
The controversy is further complicated because the defense already presented testimony based on the supposed accuracy of both the DVD and the stipulation
Cook County Judge Vincent Gaughan called an hourlong recess to consider the issue.
"The stipulation is not true," the judge said. "This is the rotten tomato in the barrel."
After the stipulation had been read earlier in the trial, the defense used the DVD to show jurors that a mark on the male participant's back appears and disappears during the quarter-second that the camera catches his bare back. The defense has told the jury that Kelly cannot be the man on the tape because the R&B superstar has had a dark, caterpillar-shaped mole along his spine since childhood.
Rather than tell the jury the stipulation was incorrect, prosecutors Tuesday called a forensic video expert who ridiculed a defense expert for relying on the DVD.
Kelly's defense team cried foul, telling the judge that the prosecution made the error--and then called a witness to make the defense look foolish and dishonest in front of the jury.
"The stipulation is wrong," lead defense attorney Ed Genson said. "We put a man on based on that and they put [another expert] up there to rebut him and that's not right."
Stacy St. Clair
Wednesday, 11 June 2008
HarperCollins sues mob chief's daughter over book
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Victoria Gotti, a newspaper columnist
and the daughter of late Gambino crime family boss John Gotti,
was sued on Thursday by HarperCollins Publishers for the return
of a $70,000 advance on a memoir that was never written.
Gotti and HarperCollins signed a contract in 2005 for two
books, including an untitled memoir, according to the lawsuit
filed in New York state court, which accused Gotti of breach of
contract.
Gotti, who was once a columnist for the New York Post, has
written several books and was the star of the reality
television show "Growing up Gotti."
She was paid $70,000 for the memoir and promised to deliver
a complete manuscript by November 2005.
Gotti twice delivered an outline of the book but the
outlines were rejected as "unacceptable" by the publishing
house and she was advised that the outlines "were not capable
of producing a complete manuscript," the lawsuit said.
Gotti was asked to return the money but never complied, it
said.
Gotti was not immediately available for comment.
HarperCollins is a unit of News Corp.
(Reporting by Edith Honan, editing by Michelle Nichols)
and the daughter of late Gambino crime family boss John Gotti,
was sued on Thursday by HarperCollins Publishers for the return
of a $70,000 advance on a memoir that was never written.
Gotti and HarperCollins signed a contract in 2005 for two
books, including an untitled memoir, according to the lawsuit
filed in New York state court, which accused Gotti of breach of
contract.
Gotti, who was once a columnist for the New York Post, has
written several books and was the star of the reality
television show "Growing up Gotti."
She was paid $70,000 for the memoir and promised to deliver
a complete manuscript by November 2005.
Gotti twice delivered an outline of the book but the
outlines were rejected as "unacceptable" by the publishing
house and she was advised that the outlines "were not capable
of producing a complete manuscript," the lawsuit said.
Gotti was asked to return the money but never complied, it
said.
Gotti was not immediately available for comment.
HarperCollins is a unit of News Corp.
(Reporting by Edith Honan, editing by Michelle Nichols)
Thursday, 5 June 2008
Tone
Artist: Tone
Genre(s):
Rock
Discography:
Solidarity
Year: 2006
Tracks: 7
The similarities of Tone, a self-proclaimed guitar ensemble, to Savage Republic and the Band of Susans ar well-nigh potential non accidental. The Washington, D.C.-based implemental band's debut record album appeared on Independent Project, the label execute by ex-Savage Republic guitar player Bruce Licher; the recording was produced by Robert Poss of Band of Susans. Including early members of Government Issue and Unrest, the grouping concentrates on building a mass of post-punk guitar reasoned with a svelte psychedelic edge on their instrumentals, as well recalling some traits of Glenn Branca's electric guitar orchestrations. Sustain appeared in 1996.
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